Our research addresses fundamental questions regarding the structure and functioning of tropical coastal ecosystems (reef, mangrove, seagrass) and all interactions that support or erode their diversity and resilience. We adopt a system thinking approach to investigate ecological connectivity, emphasizing the importance of understanding the interrelationships between tropical coastal ecosystems and their interactions to terrestrial realms. Additionally, we utilize a socio-ecological system framework to comprehensively analyze the interconnectedness between ecosystems and human well-being. By incorporating system thinking and socioecology, we aim to manage these ecosystems more wisely and sustainably, recognizing their intricate relationships and broader impacts on human societies.